MIS310 Tree Support Systems
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This book is one in a series of Minimum Industry Standards produced by Arboriculture Australia Ltd and the New Zealand Arboricultural Association in consultation with the national arboriculture community in both countries. These industry peer-reviewed documents provide a ‘body of knowledge’ which is shared by practitioners and can be used as the basis for training, dissemination of skills and professional development.
This standard covers the work tasks of specifying and installing tree support systems, including bracing, cabling, guying and propping trees. A brief summary is provided of the underpinning knowledge necessary to select and install suitable support systems.
Contents:
1: Introduction to tree support systems
Tree support system process and responsibilities
Tree support systems and liability
2: Tree structure and health
Introduction to forces in structures
Force, lever arm and bending moment
Stress
Tree structure
The tree as a biomechanical structure
Axiom of uniform stress
Thigmomorphogenesis
Impact of support systems on thigmomorphogenesis
Strategy of flexibility
Mass damping
Impact of support systems on dynamic movement
Shock loading
Torsional failure
Growth habit and structure
Branch and stem attachment
Strength of branch and stem unions
Co-dominant stems
Crossing or rubbing branches
Natural bracing
Species and structure
Tree health
The tree as a living organism
Tree physiology
Sapwood and hardwood
Tree bark
Compartmentalisation and barriers to decay
Occlusion
Biosecurity and transmission of pathogens
3: Designing and installing support systems
Identifying the need for a support system
Factors for consideration
Checklist for specifying a structural support system
Preparatory pruning
Performing works
Classes of preparatory pruning
Reduction pruning
Branch or stem weight reduction
Weight reduction: thinning
Weight reduction: reduction pruning
Pruning classes for weight reduction
Example: heavy weight reduction pruning
Retrenchment pruning
3.1 Cabling
Cabling systems: catch or support
Steel and textile cable systems
Cable system plans
Location of the system
System tension and elasticity
Determining the required strength of the system
Method 1: use of a standard size chart
Method 2: estimating the load
1: Estimate the weight of the section
2: Calculate the bending moment at a given point
3: Determine the required load rating of cable system
Installation recommendations for cable systems
Specifying the design of a cable system
Installing a cabling system
1: Installing a textile system
Required tools and materials
Installation instructions for textile cable systems
2: Installing a steel cabling system
Tools and components for a steel cable system
Cable termination
Installation instructions for steel cable systems
Cable anchor installation
Cable system inspection and maintenance
Re-cabling
3.2 Bracing
Designing a bracing system
Bracing system types
Determining the required strength of the bracing system
Method 1: use of a standard size chart
Method 2: estimating the load
Determining load rating of bracing system
Example: calculating load rating of a bracing system
Specifying the design of a bracing system
Installing bracing
Tools and components for a bracing system
Installation instructions for bracing
Bracing system inspection and maintenance
3.3 Guying
Designing a guying system
Required strength of guying system
Number of guys
Installation of guying systems
Guying system inspection and maintenance
3.4 Propping
Types of prop
Designing propping systems
Specifying propping systems